Ungayihlukanisa kanjani i-High-purity Helium kusuka ku-Ordinary Helium?

I-Helium, njengengxenye yesibili egcwele kakhulu endaweni yonke, idlala indima ebalulekile emikhakheni eminingi enezici zayo eziyingqayizivele ezingokomzimba namakhemikhali. Phakathi kwabo, nakuba high-ukuhlanzekai-heliumfuthi ezejwayelekilei-heliumbobabilii-helium, banomehluko obalulekile ekuhlanzekeni, ekusetshenzisweni nasezicini zokusebenza.

I-Helium, njengengxenye yesibili egcwele kakhulu endaweni yonke, idlala indima ebalulekile emikhakheni eminingi enezici zayo eziyingqayizivele ezingokomzimba namakhemikhali. Phakathi kwabo, nakuba high-ukuhlanzekai-heliumfuthi ezejwayelekilei-heliumbobabilii-helium, banomehluko obalulekile ekuhlanzekeni, ekusetshenzisweni nasezicini zokusebenza.

Okokuqala nje,i-heliumiyingxenye yamakhemikhali enenombolo ye-athomu engu-2, ukuminyana okuphansi kakhulu, engenambala, engenaphunga futhi engashi.I-Heliumisetshenziswa kakhulu ekupholiseni, ekushiseni, emkhathini, ekukhiqizeni ama-semiconductor, ekuhlaziyeni igesi neminye imikhakha, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ocwaningweni lwesayensi nasekukhiqizeni izimboni.

Mayelana nomthombo wegesi, ojwayelekilei-heliumikakhulukazi livelai-heliumkugesi yemvelo, etholakala ngokuhlukana nokuhlanzwa.I-Heliumikakhulukazi itholakala ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba zikawoyela negesi kanye nemithombo yamanzi engaphansi komhlaba. Ingxenye yayo eyinhloko yii-helium-4 isotopu, okuqukethwe cishe 0.0005% igesi. Okuvamilei-heliumigesi ingena inqubo yokuhlanza izimboni ukuze isuse umswakama, umoya-mpilo, i-nitrogen, ukungcola, njll., bese kuba okuvamile.i-heliumigesi enobumsulwa obuphakeme ingatholakala.

Ukuhlanzeka okuphezului-heliuminokuhlanzeka okuphezulu, ngokuvamile ibhekisela ekuhlanzekeni okungaphezu kuka-99.999% ("ayisishiyagalolunye" amahlanu okuhlanzeka). Ukuhlanzeka okuphezului-heliumisetshenziswa kakhulu ocwaningweni lwesayensi nasekukhiqizweni kwezimboni, njenge-nuclear magnetic resonance, omagnetic superconducting, lasers, semiconductor production kanye neminye imikhakha. Ukuhlanzeka okuphezului-heliumngokuvamile ibhekana nezinqubo zokuhlukaniswa okuhle kanye nezinqubo zokuhlanza ukuze kususwe ukungcola okwengeziwe nokulawula izilinganiso ze-isotope ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nazo.i-heliumizidingo zokuhlanzeka emikhakheni ethile.

Okwesibili, mayelana nobumsulwa, ubumsulwa obuphezului-heliumngokuvamile ihlanzekile kunejwayelekilei-helium. Ukuhlanzeka kuvame ukukalwa ngezindinganiso ezinjengokuthi "iziyisishiyagalolunye eziyisishiyagalolunye" (99.999%), "iziyisishiyagalolunye eziyisishiyagalolunye" (99.9999%), kanye "neziyisishiyagalolunye eziyisikhombisa" (99.99999%). Isidingo sokuhlanzeka okuphezulu kokuhlanzeka okuphezului-heliumkungenxa yokuthi kwezinye izinkambu zohlelo lokusebenza, njengokukhiqizwa kwe-semiconductor kanye ne-nuclear magnetic resonance, ngisho nokuba khona kokungcola komkhondo kungase kube nomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni komkhiqizo kanye nemiphumela yokuhlola.

Okwesithathu, ukuhlanzeka okuphezului-heliumfuthi ezejwayelekilei-heliumzihlukile futhi ezinkambini zohlelo lokusebenza. Okuvamilei-heliumisetshenziswa kakhulu ekushiseleni okujwayelekile, ukusika i-laser, ubuchwepheshe bokushisela obuvikelekile bensimbi ye-ductile iron neminye imikhakha. Kule mikhakha, izidingo zokuhlanzeka zei-heliumaphansi uma kuqhathaniswa, futhi ajwayelekilei-heliumingakwazi kakade ukuhlangabezana nezidingo eziningi. Ukuhlanzeka okuphezului-heliumisetshenziswa kweminye imikhakha yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, njengokukhiqiza i-fiber optical, ucwaningo lwesayensi lwe-superconducting, ucwaningo lwamandla enuzi, ukukhiqizwa kwe-semiconductor, njll.

Ngaphezu kokuhlanzeka kanye nezinkambu zesicelo, ukuhlanzeka okuphezului-heliumfuthi ezejwayelekilei-heliumfuthi ziyahlukahluka ezicini zokusebenza. Ukuhlanzeka okuphezului-heliuminezici zezakhiwo zamakhemikhali ezizinzile, ukuhanjiswa kwe-thermal okuhle kakhulu kanye nokuminyana okuphansi. Ukuzinza kwayo kwamakhemikhali kwenza kube nzima ukuhlanzeka okuphezului-heliumukusabela ngamakhemikhali nezinye izinto, ngaleyo ndlela iqinisekise ukuzinza nokwethembeka kwayo ekuhlolweni nasezinqubweni zokukhiqiza zezimboni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-conductivity eshisayo yokuhlanzeka okuphezului-heliumfuthi kuhle kakhulu, kudlula kude okomoya, okuyenza ibe namathemba abanzi okusebenza emishinini yesiqandisi, ukukhiqizwa kwe-semiconductor, ubunjiniyela benuzi neminye imikhakha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inzuzo ephansi yobuningi bokuhlanzeka okuphezului-heliumfuthi iyenza idlale indima yokuhlambulula ezingxubeni zegesi, ezinganciphisa ngempumelelo ukuminyana nokumelana noketshezi lwegesi exubile.