Kungakanani okwaziyo ngobuthi be-carbon monoxide?

Eminyakeni yamuva, amacalai-carbon monoxideubuthi obubangelwa ama-barbecues kanye nokushisa kwamalahle ekhaya kuye kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile, hhayi ebusika kuphela, kodwa nasehlobo. Siyazi sonke ukuthi ebusika abantu bayathanda ukuvala iminyango namafasitela, bavule ihitha, bapheke itiye esitofini, bashise namalahle ukuze bafudumale. Ngokuvamile abanaki umoya omncane, okungaholela kalula kuwoi-carbon monoxideubuthi. Kodwa kanjanii-carbon monoxideubuthi buyenzeka nasehlobo elishisayo?

I-carbon monoxideiyigesi enobuthi engenambala, engenaphunga, engacasuli ewumphumela wokushiswa okungaphelele kwezibaseli ezinekhabhoni. Inani lokumunca lincike kubude besikhathi sokungenisa umoya, ubude besikhathi sokuchayeka kanye nokugxila okuhlobenei-carbon monoxidekanye nomoya-mpilo endaweni.

Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukuhambisana kwe-hemoglobin emzimbeni womuntui-carbon monoxideizikhathi ezingama-200-250 kunomoya-mpilo. Ninii-carbon monoxideiqhudelana ne-oxygen ukuze ibophe i-hemoglobin, izokhuthaza ukukhululwa komoya-mpilo ezingeni lezicubu kanye ne-hypoxia yeselula, ngaleyo ndlela kuholele ekuthenii-carbon monoxideubuthi, i-hypoxia, isiyezi, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ubuthakathaka obujwayelekile, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukuquleka nezinye izimpawu zobuthi. Uma ungayishiyi le ndawo ngesikhathi, izimpawu zizoba zimbi kakhulu, futhi uzobhekana ne-coma, i-hypoxia yobuchopho, njll. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ungase ubhekane nokukhubazeka noma ngisho nokufa.

I-carbon monoxideubuthi buvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "ubuthi begesi". Imithombo evamile yokuchayeka kuyoi-carbon monoxideubuthi buhlanganisa ukuhluleka kwesistimu yokushisisa igesi, izimoto ezingenawo umoya ohlanzekile, amajeneretha, ama-grill, izitofu nemililo yezindawo zokuhlala. Eminye imibiko yocwaningo ithi kufika ku-80%.i-carbon monoxideubuthi kwenzeka ezindaweni zokuhlala. Ngokwemininingwane, abantu bangadliswa ushevu uma behogela umoyai-carbon monoxideekuhlanganiseni okungu-220mg/m³ ngehora elilodwa; zingabulala uma zihogela i-concentration engu-1800mg/m³ ngehora elilodwa; futhi uma ukugxilisa ingqondo kufinyelela ku-14080mg/m³, "bangakhanyisa bafe" ngomzuzu owodwa.

Lapho izimpawu zei-carbon monoxideubuthi buvela (njengesiyezi, ikhanda elibuhlungu, isicanucanu, njll.), okokuqala, shiya indawo enoshevu ngokushesha, uvule iminyango namafasitela ukuze kungene umoya, uye endaweni enomoya omuhle. Okwesibili, gcina indlela yokuphefumula ivulekile futhi icace uketshezi lomlomo ngokushesha ukuze ugweme ukuminza okubangelwa ukulangazelela ngephutha. Okwesithathu, shayela abezimo eziphuthumayo noma uye esibhedlela ngokushesha. Ngenkathi usalinde ukutakulwa, hlala uzolile, gwema ukuvivinya umzimba okukhandlayo, futhi unciphise ukusetshenziswa komoya-mpilo emzimbeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma izimo zivuma, umthombo wei-carbon monoxideukungcola kufanele kuvalwe ngesikhathi ukuze kugwenywe okwengeziwei-carbon monoxideukungcola kanye nemiphumela emibi kakhulu.

Ehlobo elishisayo, kufanele futhi siqwashisei-carbon monoxideubuthi futhi unake la maphuzu amane alandelayo: okokuqala, uma usebenzisa i-air conditioning, kungaba endlini noma emotweni, qiniseka ukuthi uvule amafasitela ukuze kungene umoya, ikakhulukazi uma imoto imile, ungayishiyi injini isebenza isikhathi eside, noma ugcine i-air conditioner isikhathi eside. Lokhu kungaholela kalula ekusakazeni okungasebenzi kahle kwegesi yokukhipha emotweni, engabangela kalulai-carbon monoxideukuqongelela; Okwesibili, cela ochwepheshe ukuthi bahlole njalo ukuphepha kwezitofu zegesi zasendlini nezishisi zamanzi, bangazisebenzisi ngemva kosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi, futhi bangawashintshi amapayipi egesi ngaphandle kokugunyazwa; Okwesithathu, izoso zasendlini nebhodwe elishisayo akumele kube yinde kakhulu, umoya kufanele ugcinwe, futhi umlilo wamalahle kufanele uthuthelwe ngaphandle ngesikhathi ngemva kokosa inyama nebhodwe elishisayo ukuze kugwenywe.i-carbon monoxideukuqongelela; Okokugcina, imindeni ekwaziyo ukuyikhokhela ingafakai-carbon monoxideama-alamu ukuze kuvinjelwe okwengeziwe.

Kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi kusukela izimpawu zei-carbon monoxideubuthi ehlobo budideka kalula nezinye izifo zasehlobo ezivamile futhi buholele ekuxilongweni okungeyikho, kufanele sihlale sikuqaphile.i-carbon monoxideubuthi ukugwema ukubambezeleka kokwelashwa.