Nzira yekusiyanisa High-kuchena Helium kubva kune Ordinary Helium?

Helium, sechinhu chechipiri chakanyanya kuwanda muchisiko chapose pose, chinoita basa rinokosha mumativi akawanda ane chimiro chayo chakasiana chemuviri nekemikari. Pakati pavo, kunyange yakakwirira-kuchenaheliumuye zvakajairikaheliumvari vavirihelium, vane misiyano yakakura mukuchena, kushandiswa uye maitiro ekuita.

Helium, sechinhu chechipiri chakanyanya kuwanda muchisiko chapose pose, chinoita basa rinokosha mumativi akawanda ane chimiro chayo chakasiana chemuviri nekemikari. Pakati pavo, kunyange yakakwirira-kuchenaheliumuye zvakajairikaheliumvari vavirihelium, vane misiyano yakakura mukuchena, kushandiswa uye maitiro ekuita.

Kutanga kwazvose,heliumchinhu chemakemikari chine nhamba yeatomu 2, yakanyanya kuderera, isina ruvara, isinganhuhwi uye isingabatike.Heliuminonyanya kushandiswa mukutonhodza, kupisa, aerospace, semiconductor kugadzira, kuongorora gasi uye mamwe minda, uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukutsvagisa kwesainzi uye kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri.

Panyaya yegasi sosi, zvakajairikaheliumkunyanya inobvaheliummune gasi rechisikigo, iro rinowanikwa kuburikidza nekuparadzaniswa nekucheneswa.Heliuminonyanya kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzepasi pevhu oiri uye gasi uye pasi pevhu pasi pemvura. Chikamu chayo chikuru ndechehelium-4 isotopu, ine zvinyorwa zvinenge 0.0005% zvegasi. Zvakajairikaheliumgasi rinopinda muindasitiri yekuchenesa nzira kubvisa hunyoro, okisijeni, nitrogen, tsvina, nezvimwe, uyezve zvakajairika.heliumgasi rine kuchena kwepamusoro rinogona kuwanikwa.

High-kuchenaheliumine kuchena kwepamusoro, kazhinji inoreva kuchena kweinopfuura 99.999% (mashanu "mapfumbamwe" ekuchena). High-kuchenaheliuminonyanya kushandiswa mukutsvaga kwesainzi uye kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri, senge nyukireya magineti resonance, superconducting magineti, lasers, semiconductor kugadzira uye mamwe minda. High-kuchenaheliumkazhinji inoenderera mberi nekuparadzaniswa kwakanaka uye maitiro ekucheneswa kubvisa kusvibiswa kwakawanda uye kutonga isotope ratios kusangana.heliumkuchena zvinodiwa mune chaiyo minda.

Chechipiri, maererano nekuchena, kuchena kwepamusoroheliumkazhinji kuchena kupfuura zvakajairikahelium. Kuchena kunowanzoyerwa nezviyero zvakaita se "mapfumbamwe mapfumbamwe" (99.999%), "mapfumbamwe mapfumbamwe" (99.9999%), uye "mapfumbamwe manomwe" (99.99999%). Kuchena kwepamusoro kunodiwa kwepamusoro-kuchenaheliumimhaka yekuti mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzekushandisa, dzakaita semiconductor kugadzira uye nyukireya magineti resonance, kunyangwe kuvepo kwekutsvagisa tsvina kunogona kuve nekukanganisa kukuru pakuita kwechigadzirwa uye mhedzisiro yekuedza.

Chechitatu, kuchena kwepamusoroheliumuye zvakajairikaheliumzvakare akasiyana mundima dzekushandisa. Zvakajairikaheliuminonyanya kushandiswa mune zvakajairwa welding, laser yekucheka, ductile iron gasi yakadzivirirwa welding tekinoroji uye mimwe minda. Muminda iyi, kuchena zvinodiwa kutiheliumdzakaderera, uye dzakajairikaheliuminogona kutozadzisa zvizhinji zvezvidikanwi. High-kuchenaheliuminoshandiswa mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzepamusoro-tekinoroji, senge optical fiber kugadzira, superconducting tsvakiridzo yesainzi, tsvakiridzo yesimba renyukireya, semiconductor kugadzira, nezvimwe.

Mukuwedzera kune kuchena uye kushandiswa kweminda, yakakwirira-kuchenaheliumuye zvakajairikaheliumzvakare zvakasiyana mukuita maitiro. High-kuchenaheliumine maitiro ekugadzikana kwemakemikari zvinhu, yakanakisa thermal conductivity uye yakaderera density. Kugadzikana kwayo kwemakemikari kunoita kuti zvive zvakaoma kune yakakwirira-kuchenaheliumkuita makemikari nezvimwe zvinhu, nokudaro kuve nechokwadi chekugadzikana kwayo uye kuvimbika mukuedza uye maitiro ekugadzira maindasitiri. Panguva imwecheteyo, thermal conductivity ye-high-purityheliumzvakare yakanakisa zvakanyanya, inopfuura nekure iyo yemhepo, izvo zvinoita kuti ive neyakakura tarisiro yekushandisa mumidziyo yefiriji, kugadzirwa kwesemiconductor, engineering yenyukireya uye mamwe minda. Mukuwedzera, iyo yakaderera density mukana wepamusoro-kuchenaheliumzvakare inoita kuti iite basa rekudiridza mumisanganiswa yegasi, iyo inogona kunyatso kudzikisa density uye kupikisa kwemvura yegasi rakasanganiswa.