Na-eme nchọpụta "Dark Matter"? Nchọpụta nke Ụdị Ọhụrụ nke Methanogenic Archaea

N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, ndị otu ọhụrụ anaerobic microbial innovation nke Biogas Science Research Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (nke a na-akpọ ya "Biogas Science Institute"), na mmekorita ya na Mahadum Wageningen na Netherlands na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ, chọpụtara ma kewapụ ma zụlite. ụdị ọhụrụ nke methanogenic archaea. E bipụtara nsonaazụ dị mkpa na Nature.

Methanogenic archaea bụ otu n'ime ụdị ndụ kacha ochie n'ụwa, pụtara n'ụwa ihe dịka ijeri afọ 3.46 gara aga. Methanogenic archaea na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na gburugburu ebe obibi nke ụwa ugbu a. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, archaea methanogenic na-atụnye 70% nke ikuku methane zuru ụwa ọnụ. Methane bụ gas nke griin haus nke abụọ na-esotecarbon dioxide, na mmetụta okpomọkụ ya bụ okpukpu 28 karịacarbon dioxide, na-aza 20% nke mmetụta griin haus zuru ụwa ọnụ. Na mgbakwunye, methanogenic archaea na-ekere òkè na usoro ịtụgharị ihe ndị dị n'okpuru ala n'imemethanenacarbon dioxide, ma na-ekere òkè dị mkpa na okirikiri carbon zuru ụwa ọnụ. Methanogenic archaea na-ahụ maka idozi 2% nke carbon nke ụwa kwa afọ.

Echiche ọdịnala bụ na methanogenic archaea bụ nke phylum Euryarchaeota na ngalaba Archaea. N'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, dabere na ụfọdụ nchọpụta bụ isi, ndị ọkachamara na-atụ aro na ndị na-abụghị Erythroarchaeota methanogenic archaea na-ekesa n'ọtụtụ ebe na ọdịdị, ma kwuo na na mgbakwunye nana-emepụta methane, ndị a ọhụrụ archaea nwekwara ike na-abụghị.methanemetabolism dị ka agba agba agba na sọlfọ oxidation.

"Methanogenic archaea bụ ụdị microorganism nke na-etolite site na ịmepụta methane iji nweta ume, ma ọ bụrụ na ha nwekwara ndị na-abụghị.methaneike metabolic ike dị ka gbaa ụka uto na sọlfọ ọxịdashọn, ọrụ nke methanogenic archaea na zuru ụwa ọnụ mmewere okirikiri ga-agbanwe,” kwuru Cheng Lei, kwekọrọ ekwekọ na-ede akwụkwọ nke akwụkwọ na onye isi ọkà mmụta sayensị nke anaerobic microbial innovation otu nke Institute of Biodiversity kwuru. ruo ugbu a, archaea ndị a nọ n'ọnọdụ "ọchịchịrị" na enweghị omenala dị ọcha, n'ihi ya, nchọpụta ekwenyebeghị echiche a.

Ọnọdụ "ihe gbara ọchịchịrị" na-ezo aka n'eziokwu na ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị enwetawo genome nke archaea site na nkà na ụzụ usoro, ma ọnụnọ nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa apụtaghị na a ga-egosipụta ha, ya bụ, ha nwere ike ọ gaghị arụ ọrụ na gburugburu ebe obibi. Ya mere, iji kwado echiche a, ọ dị mkpa iji kewaa archaea, nweta otu ụdị, ya bụ, omenala dị ọcha, wee mee nchọpụta ọrụ physiological iji nyochaa mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa ya.

N'echiche nke Dong Xiuzhu, onye na-eme nchọpụta na Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, ọmụmụ ihe a na-akọ na mbụ evolushọn otu nke methanogenic archaea nke na-abụghị nke omenala, ịgbasa akporo methanogenic archaea. Ọzọkwa, ụdị archaea nke na-emepụta methane site n'ibelata ihe ndị methyl na hydrogen na ụzọ ha na-emepụta ihe na-ekesa n'ọtụtụ ebe na gburugburu ebe obibi nke ikuku oxygen na-adịghị na gburugburu ụwa, na-egosi na ha na-enye onyinye dị mkpa maka ụwa.methaneihe ndi ozo.